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learning > grammaire anglaise - niveau avancé
-ing
séquence avec ou sans -ing
référence à du déjà-dit, déjà-vu, déjà-perçu :
stop + N (arrêter de...)
≠
stop + toviseur -> Base Verbale (s'arrêter pour...)
rappel :
N symbolise toutes les formes nominales (nom, pronom, groupe nominal, nom-ing ou séquence nominale-ing)
Stop pecking me with that rubber chicken!
Le marqueur -ing fait référence à du déjà dit / déjà perçu (on appelle "anaphore" cette référenciation / reprise) :
Peck peck peck
Stop pecking me with that rubber chicken!
[ référence à du déjà-dit ]
Garfield Classics Jim Davis GoComics July 01, 2022 https://www.gocomics.com/garfield-classics/2022/07/01
Stop being black or I'll shoot!
[ référence à du déjà-vu ]
Rob Rogers political cartoon GoComics April 15, 2021 https://www.gocomics.com/robrogers/2021/04/15
The Guardian p. 6 2 January 2006
The Guardian p. 42 7 October 2006
The Guardian p. 5 8 July 2006
Larry Wright cartoon The Detroit News Cagle 5 May 2004 http://info.detnews.com/wrightoon/index.cfm
Stop + BV + -ing -> (arrêter de, s'arrêter de, cesser de) > valeur anaphorique de -ing. :
Stop lying!
Stop smoking!
Définition > Anaphore : référence à du préexistant / présupposé, à du déjà perçu / senti / ressenti / connu / formulé, mis en mots.
BV + -ing : forme nominalisée / groupe en fonction nominale.
Le segment BV + -ing peut d'ailleurs être remplacé par un GN.
The Guardian G2 p. 15 9 August 2005
80% of Iraqis want US to stop patrolling cities
Over 80% of Iraqis want US and other foreign forces to stop patrolling their cities and make their presence less visible by withdrawing to bases, according to the latest survey by Iraq's best-known polling organisation.
Headline and §1,
Before entering Mecca, the pilgrims stop to perform cleansing rituals. [ cleansing est ici un adjectif ]
Men shave their heads, trim their beards, cut their nails and put on a two-piece, seamless white robe called the ihram. Women also wear white long robes but uncover their faces.
Muslims gather for
climax of annual pilgrimage,
Beckham accused after brawl
The England captain David Beckham has been accused of forcing a cameraman to stop filming a brawl involving his players at half-time in the Euro 2004 qualifier on Saturday.
Headline and §1, G,
14.10.2003,
Ayatollah tells Shias to stop fighting
Headline,
Have you had a battle with cigarettes, tried to stop smoking?
'Reckless, courageous and a little bit crazy',
On a hike last year, I stopped to eat my lunch. As was often the case, the peanut butter and jelly sandwich I had packed in my backpack was now a peanut-butter-and-jelly bread glob.
The ZAKPAK:
Emergency Alert Tests Can Be Stopped to Avoid Panic
Headline,
... I'd like to suggest you stop chattering and take care of business!
Woody Wilson and Graham Nolan 12 October 2004 http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/rmorgan/about.htm
Judge Parker Harold LeDoux and Woody Wilson Created in 1952 by Nicholas P. Dallis 16 January 2005 http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/jparker/about.htm
Stop that silly noise...
Stop that silly noise...
Loomus by Steven Appleby The Guardian Family p. 2 8 July 2006
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
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