Vocapedia > English language > Acronyms

I

I-95

Interstate 95        USA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Interstate_95

IAEA

International Atomic Energy Agency

U.N. atomic watchdog agency

https://www.npr.org/2024/04/08/
1243344592/attacks-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-plant-ukraine

IBM

International Business Machines Corp.        USA

http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/28/i-b-m-reports-nanotube-chip-breakthrough/

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/26/technology/ibm-names-a-new-chief.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/19/technology/19unboxed.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/10/technology/10blue.html

IBS

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/10/
16/1129325699/ibs-irritable-bowel-syndrome-symptoms-treatment

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/04/11/
1091758002/pandemic-anxiety-ibs

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/02/
well/live/irritable-bowel-syndrome-treatments-causes.html

ICANN

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/13/
google-wants-love-and-90-other-things/

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/31/
technology/31net.html

ICBM

Intercontinental ballistic missiles

https://www.npr.org/2018/07/31/
634201841/despite-denuclearization-pledge-north-korea-reportedly-building-more-icbms

https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/28/
566994979/north-korea-apparently-fires-another-missile-
after-2-1-2-month-break-between-tes

http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/07/05/
535465234/after-north-koreas-icbm-launch-now-what

ICC

International Criminal Court

http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/03/
561842662/icc-prosecutor-calls-for-afghanistan-war-crimes-investigation

ICE

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement        USA

https://www.ice.gov/

http://www.npr.org/2017/03/21/
520841332/fear-of-deportation-spurs-4-women-to-drop-domestic-abuse-cases-in-denver

http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/10/
514610542/immigration-raids-are-reported-around-the-country

http://www.npr.org/2017/01/08/
508548698/how-kitchen-raids-in-buffalo-sent-shock-waves-through-immigrant-rights-community

ICJ

UN’s international court of justice

https://www.theguardian.com/law/article/2024/jul/19/
why-icj-ruling-against-israel-settlement-policies-
hard-to-ignore-occupation-palestinian-territories

https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jul/19/
israels-settlement-policies-break-international-law-court-finds

ICM

UK polling company

(originally Independent Communications and Marketing)

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/series/
guardian-icm-polls

ICT

Information and Communication Technology

The Guardian        Educ@guardian        p. 12        7 March 2006

https://www.theguardian.com/education/2006/mar/07/
elearning.technology1

I.C.U. / ICU

Intensive care unit        USA

https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/sep/25/
inside-a-welsh-icu-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic-photo-essay

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/09/20/
914374901/advances-in-icu-care-are-saving-more-patients-who-have-covid-19

https://www.npr.org/2020/03/25/
819940409/icu-bed-capacity-varies-widely-nationwide-see-how-your-area-stacks-up

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/
opinion/coronavirus-hospital-visits.html

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/23/
icu-doctors-tough-decisions-coronavirus-uk

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/10/10/
654445929/when-icu-delirium-leads-to-symptoms-of-dementia-after-discharge

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/01/
opinion/sunday/my-icu-patient-lived-is-that-enough.html

http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/03/04/
285762401/palliative-chemo-can-make-it-more-likely-youll-die-in-the-icu

ID / ID

Identity / Identification / identify

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/
idcards

 ID

https://www.npr.org/2023/12/05/
1217290259/arlington-house-explosion-virginia

ID

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/feb/05/
two-police-units-dead-children-ids

IDS

Iain Duncan-Smith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Iain_Duncan_Smith

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/oct/29/
uk.conservatives1

IED

Improvised explosive device

https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2016/oct/29/
ied-isis-islamic-state-iraqi-kurdistan-peshmerga

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/03/
ieds-kill-53000-civilians-in-three-years-70-per-cent-rise

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/may/24/uk-soldier-dies-afghanistan

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/04/opinion/l04bomb.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/15/world/asia/15ied.html

IFS

Institute for Fiscal Studies

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2013/feb/06/ifs-uk-borrowing-budget-cuts

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2012/dec/06/welfare-cuts-public-sector-ifs

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/oct/11/children-poverty-institute-fiscal-studies

IJBOL

I just burst out laughing

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/08/
style/ijbol-lol-lmao.html

I.G.

(Justice Department) Inspector General        USA

https://www.npr.org/2019/12/09/
786379432/hearing-recaps-impeachment-investigation-justice-ig-finds-no-bias-in-russia-inqu

https://www.npr.org/2018/06/15/
620135227/the-huge-justice-department-ig-report-is-out-what-comes-next

https://www.npr.org/2018/06/15/
620284862/trump-says-ig-report-on-fbi-clinton-probe-exonerates-him

 I.H.S.

Indian Health Service

The Federal Health Program

for American Indians and Alaska Natives        USA

https://www.ihs.gov/aboutihs/

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/03/
us/politics/communitys-loss-of-hospital-stirs-fresh-debate-over-indian-health-service.html

Ill.

Illinois        USA

ILO

International Labour Organisation

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/apr/23/
ethicalbusiness.globalisation

I.M.

Instant Messaging

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/26/us/
26philly.html

IMDb

Internet Movie Database

http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2013/may/12/
six-degrees-col-needham-imdb

IMF

International Monetary Fund

https://www.theguardian.com/business/
imf

https://www.nytimes.com/topic/organization/
international-monetary-fund

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/oct/03/imf-global-economy-warning

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/may/22/imf-bank-of-england-rate-cut-growth

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/jan/20/
austerity-warning-international-monetary-fund

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/dec/15/imf-world-risks-1930s-style-slump

https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/21/

business/global/imf-slashes-growth-outlook-for-us-and-europe.html

https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE75A207/ - June 13, 2011

https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/16/
nyregion/imf-names-replacement-as-chief-awaits-arraignment.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/09/business/global/09imf.html

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/nov/02/saudiarabia-creditcrunch

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/oct/01/banking.useconomy

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/apr/09/creditcrunch.economy1

imho

In My Humble Opinion

http://www.theguardian.com/money/blog/2016/mar/12/
is-thermostat-remote-controlled-worth-it

intel

intelligence

IOC

International Olympic Committee

http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2011/sep/23/bbc-ioc-azerbaijan-boxing-allegations

https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/apr/20/
Olympics2012.politics

IOPC

Independent Office for Police Conduct        UK

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/
-iopc

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jul/25/
highest-number-of-people-in-a-decade-die-in-police-custody

IoS

Independent on Sunday        UK

https://www.independent.co.uk/  

I.O.U.

I owe You

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/apr/11/
women-labour-miliband-callthe-midwife-mother-birth

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/24/
business/economy/24debt.html

IPCC

1 - Independent Police Complaints Commission

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jun/28/
nottinghamshire-police-officers-pregnant-woman

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/dec/22/
police-investigated-misconduct-gangland-case

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/24/man-dies-taser-arrest-bolton

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2011/aug/07/ipcc-release-statement-mark-duggan

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2010/jul/05/raoul-moat-ipcc-prison-warning-police

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/jul/01/faisal-al-ani-police-arrest

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2009/may/15/tomlinson-death-ipcc-inquiry

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/feb/25/police.law

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/aug/18/brazil.menezes

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/aug/18/politics.brazil

2 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/
ipcc

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/31/
climate-change-threat-food-security-humankind

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/sep/27/
ipcc-world-dangerous-climate-change 

IPO

Initial public offering

https://www.npr.org/2019/02/13/
694293545/levi-strauss-wants-to-stretch-its-pockets-with-second-go-at-ipo

https://www.npr.org/2018/01/25/
580263402/spotifys-unusual-ipo-model-will-test-the-companys-strength

http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/feb/02/facebook-ipo-facts

http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/may/18/facebook-ipos

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/may/07/facebook-ipos

IPP

indeterminate sentence for public protection        UK

indeterminate sentence / a ‘99-year’ sentence

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/series/
the-ipp-scandal

IPV

Intimate Partner Violence

https://www.npr.org/2021/03/08/97
4786552/abusive-relationships-are-disturbingly-common-heres-how-to-support-a-loved-one

IQ

Intelligence Quotient

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/25/nyregion/
larry-selman-a-shepherd-of-greenwich-village-dies-at-70.html

http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/oct/19/
teenagers-iq-scores-adolescence

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/04/us/04execute.html

IRA

Irish Republican Army        Northern Ireland

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/world/europe/
where-say-nothing-is-gospel-ira-victims-daughter-is-talking.html

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/sep/11/
ira-murders-claim-to-smithwick

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/09/
northernireland.devolution

Individual Retirement Account        USA

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/02/your-money/
individual-retirement-account-iras/for-teenagers-starting-and-saving-in-a-roth-ira.html

https://pocketsense.com/roth-stand-roth-ira-24296.html  

I.R.L.

In Real LIfe

How Online Trolls Divide Americans IRL

Video        NYT News        22 August 2018

We know that trolls on social media

are trying to sow discord on contentious subjects

like race, guns and abortion,

but how do they do it?

Here is a visual guide to their strategy.

YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=4CbHeXnxV_A

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/11/
movies/bodies-bodies-bodies-movie.html

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/
opinion/coronavirus-social-media.html

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=4CbHeXnxV_A - NYT - 22 August 2018

I.R.S. / IRS

Internal Revenue Service        USA

https://www.irs.gov/ 

https://www.nytimes.com/topic/organization/internal-revenue-service 

https://www.npr.org/2017/12/21/
572326998/now-that-the-gop-tax-bill-is-approved-the-irs-gets-busy

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/29/
opinion/dark-money-and-an-irs-blindfold.html

http://www.nytimes.com/video/2013/05/16/us/
politics/100000002228919/presidential-politics-and-the-irs.html

https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/12/
business/whistle-blower-awarded-104-million-by-irs.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/05/business/05tax.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/11/national/11baptist.html

ISA

Individual savings account

The Guardian    Money    p. 11    17 March 2007

https://www.theguardian.com/money/2007/mar/21/
budget2007.budget5  

Isis

Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant

Jim Morin

GoComics

November 03, 2016

http://www.gocomics.com/jimmorin/2016/11/03

https://www.theguardian.com/world/
isis

http://www.gocomics.com/jimmorin/2016/11/03

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/13/us/orlando-nightclub-shooting.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/25/
opinion/john-bolton-to-defeat-isis-create-a-sunni-state.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/07/
opinion/sunday/thomas-l-friedman-how-isis-drives-muslims-from-islam.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=CZ_TGtTSXcI&list=UUqnbDFdCpuN8CMEg0VuEBqA

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/08/world/middleeast/
obama-weighs-military-strikes-to-aid-trapped-iraqis-officials-say.html

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/16/
isis-islamic-state-iraq-levant-q-and-a

ISP

Internet Service Provider

The Guardian        p. 12        17 December 2008

http://digital.guardian.co.uk/guardian/2008/12/17/pdfs/gdn_081217_ber_12_21476088.pdf

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/02/isp-gchq-mass-surveillance-privacy-court-claim

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/aug/12/pirate-bay-piratebrowser-web-browser

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/oct/11/pornography-internet-service-providers

http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/jul/24/hull-isp-pulls-plug-filesharers

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2009/jan/29/
digital-britain-lord-carter-broadband 

ISS

International Space Station

https://www.npr.org/2023/01/17/
1149646978/an-astronaut-tells-npr-what-life-is-like-on-the-iss

IT

Information Technology

https://www.theguardian.com/careers/careers-blog/it-professionals-2011

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2004/jul/15/
highereducation.students

IUD

Intrauterine device

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/iud-coil/

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/14/
well/live/iud-insertion-pain-relief.html

https://www.propublica.org/article/
milwaukee-fire-brunner-belen-landlord-tenant - November 16, 2022

IV

intravenous

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/06/28/
1007198777/a-hospital-charged-more-than-700-
for-each-push-of-medicine-through-her-iv

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/13/
world/asia/coronavirus-death-life.html

IVA

Individual voluntary arrangements

https://www.theguardian.com/money/2006/oct/16/
creditanddebt.business

IVF

In Vitro Fertilization

https://www.npr.org/2024/03/22/
1239879602/despite-church-prohibitions-
catholics-still-choose-ivf-to-have-children

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/09/19/
648923906/do-ivf-and-other-infertility-tech-
lead-to-health-risks-for-the-baby-maybe

http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/may/24/
ivf-its-overwhelming-and-shocking-at-every-single-turn

http://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/sep/27/ivf-where-all-grief-going

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/jul/12/
story-ivf-five-million-babies

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/jun/28/
uk-government-ivf-dna-three-people

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/may/22/
ivf-nhs-age-42-fertility

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2009/mar/21/ivf-fertility-birth-defects  

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/jul/04/health.medicineandhealth1 

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2006/oct/26/lifeandhealth.medicineandhealth

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jul/28/familyandrelationships.health 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/aug/17/politics.health1 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/jun/25/health.uknews

Abbreviations >

Acronyms, Initialisms, Shorthands

English language >

describing people / actions / thoughts,

iconic words,

translations / faux amis,

acronyms

Related > Anglonautes >

Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé

Verbalisation > Abréviation -> Verbe