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Vocapedia > Earth > Weather patterns > El Niño, La Niña
How El Niño and La Niña cause extreme weather video The Economist 13 April 2023
El Niño and La Niña are opposite states of one of Earth’s most important climate processes, the El Niño Southern Oscillation, or ENSO.
It can lead to devastating weather events all over the world.
But how does it work, what kinds of extreme weather does it cause and how is global warming affecting it?
YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TC7Pg8tUuqQ
What is an El Niño? And how will it affect Australia? Guardian Australia 29 April 2023
What is an El Niño? And how will it affect Australia? video Guardian Australia 29 April 2023
Climate models are indicating Australia may be hit by a 'super El Niño' before the end of the year.
After three years of La Niña and above-average rainfall, Australia is now looking at a hot, dry El Niño period.
The last extreme El Niño in 2016 helped push global temperatures to the highest on record, underpinned by human-caused global heating that sparked floods, droughts and disease outbreaks.
But what exactly is an El Niño and how do they work? Matilda Boseley explains.
YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ap1EJy6xUq8
podcasts > before 2024
weather event, weather pattern, climate pattern, phenomenon > El Niño UK / USA
This year, the planet also made a seasonal shift to an El Niño pattern.
It starts when the ocean in the central and eastern Pacific warms up.
That extra heat alters weather patterns, raising the temperatures globally.
"That's its role in the global climate system – is moving some of the energy up from depth and dumping it into the atmosphere," Swain says.
With El Niño just getting started this year, it's likely the full effect isn't being felt yet in heat waves or rainfall patterns.
Typically, the Southern U.S. gets wetter and the Northern U.S. gets drier.
"That lag is because it takes some time for that extra heat near the surface of the ocean to actually make it into the atmosphere and be moved around by wind currents," Swain says.
Climate experts say signs point to a strong El Niño this year, which could break global temperature records.
The past 8 years have already been the hottest since record-keeping began, and 2016, the hottest ever recorded, was also a year with a powerful El Niño.
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/28/
El Niño is officially here, and that means things are about to get even hotter.
The natural climate phenomenon is marked by warmer ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific, which drives hotter weather around the world.
"[El Niño] could lead to new records for temperatures," says Michelle L'Heureux, a climate scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Prediction Center.
The hottest years on record tend to happen during El Niño.
It's one of the most obvious ways that El Niño, which is a natural climate pattern, exacerbates the effects of climate change, which is caused by humans burning fossil fuels and releasing greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere.
But temperature superlatives obscure the bigger trend: the last 8 years were the hottest ever recorded, despite a persistent La Niña that took hold in late 2020 and only just ended, depressing global temperatures.
That's how powerful human-caused warming is: it blows Earth's natural temperature variability out of the water.
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/08/
El Niño usually brings a quieter Atlantic hurricane season and more hurricane activity in the Pacific, while La Niña does the opposite — a dynamic that the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has compared to a seesaw.
El Niño's warmer waters can also push the Pacific jet stream south.
When that happens, the NOAA says, "areas in the northern U.S. and Canada are dryer and warmer than usual.
But in the U.S. Gulf Coast and Southeast, these periods are wetter than usual and have increased flooding."
https://www.npr.org/2023/05/03/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2023/jul/19/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2023/apr/27/
https://www.npr.org/tags/432102582/
2024
https://www.npr.org/2024/05/09/
https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/18/
2023
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/05/
https://www.npr.org/2023/07/20/
https://www.npr.org/2023/07/19/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2023/jul/19/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/13/
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/06/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/04/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/03/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jun/24/
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/28/
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/08/
https://www.npr.org/2023/05/03/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2023/apr/27/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jan/16/
2018
https://www.npr.org/2018/11/28/
2016
https://www.npr.org/2016/01/27/
2011
https://www.npr.org/2011/08/24/
2010
https://www.npr.org/2010/02/05/
El Niño–Southern Oscillation ENSO
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
La Niña UK / USA
El Niño is officially here, and that means things are about to get even hotter.
The natural climate phenomenon is marked by warmer ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific, which drives hotter weather around the world.
"[El Niño] could lead to new records for temperatures," says Michelle L'Heureux, a climate scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Prediction Center.
The hottest years on record tend to happen during El Niño.
It's one of the most obvious ways that El Niño, which is a natural climate pattern, exacerbates the effects of climate change, which is caused by humans burning fossil fuels and releasing greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere.
But temperature superlatives obscure the bigger trend: the last 8 years were the hottest ever recorded, despite a persistent La Niña that took hold in late 2020 and only just ended, depressing global temperatures.
That's how powerful human-caused warming is: it blows Earth's natural temperature variability out of the water.
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/08/
La Niña (translated from Spanish as "little girl") is not a storm, but a climate pattern that occurs in the Pacific Ocean every few years and can impact weather around the world.
https://www.npr.org/2021/10/15/
2023
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/08/
https://www.npr.org/2023/05/03/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jan/16/
https://www.npr.org/2023/01/05/
2021
https://www.npr.org/2021/10/15/
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