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learning > grammaire anglaise - niveau avancé
groupe verbal
sens / sémantisme
Nsujet + used + toviseur -> Base Verbale (BV)
≠
Nsujet + be / get + usedadjectif + topréposition + N
≠
séquence passive : be + used + toviseur -> BV
Nsujet + used + toviseur -> BV
contraste passé / présent
faire / être quelque chose autrefois, parfois de façon continue ou régulière, parfois non, mais maintenant c'est fini, on ne peut plus revenir en arrière :
I used to love you.
I used to be very wealthy.
I used to play the violin.
I used to be a Christian.
I used to have so much respect for you
I used to be a Superwoman.
The girl I used to be.
I want it how it used to be [ used + toviseur -> Base Verbale ]
Kevon Edmonds, No Love/
Copié 2.2.2005.
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Nsujet + be + usedadjectif + topréposition + N
avoir l'habitude de faire quelque chose dans le présent
Tears on my pillow
I’m not used to coming home from work and no one’s there I’m not used to missin’ anyone I’m not used to getting no love I’m not used to havin’ someone never touchin’ me
I’m not used to this [ usedadjectif + topréposition + N ]
Rick McKee cartoon Augusta, Georgia, The Augusta Chronicle Cagle 20 September 2010
It is mid-afternoon and 13 "housewives" quietly slip a hefty dose of gin into their camomile tea while the washing is on. Down the road, hungover punters are hooked up to oxygen. In the ballroom, couples are wheeling elegantly in circles as Lucifire and the Flaming Doo Dits play "horror swing" cover versions of Christina Aguilera. Welcome to Lost Vagueness, a twisted, disorientating and hidden corner of Glastonbury 2004 that defies the claim that the corporate, cleaned-up festival is not what it used to be. Viva Lost Vagueness!: Hidden corner defies claim event is not what it was, G, 26.6.2004, https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/jun/26/ glastonbury2004.music
He has come a long way since his days in Genesis, when he used toviseur dress up on stage in outrageous costumes. Don’t hurry, be happy, GE2, p. 14, 19.9.2002.
I used toviseur earn a living from my legs. I worked for a circus, where I rode astride elephants. All of me, GE2, p. 11, 10.9.2002.
The BBC used toviseur be really good but it’s absolute rubbish now. Roll up, roll up, GE2, p. 7, 21.8.2002.
Nsujet + used + toviseur -> ØBV
Ø = éclipse de la Base Verbale
The Guardian Weekend p. 8 26 November 2005
Nsujet + be / get + usedadjectif + topréposition + N
Rex Morgan Woody Wilson and Graham Nolan Created in 1948 by Nicholas P. Dallis 19.1.2005 http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/rmorgan/about.htm
use + N
(utiliser, se servir de)
The Guardian p. 1 21 March 2007
séquence passive : be + used + toviseur -> BV
(passif > être utilisé pour...)
Observe how radar was used to map Venus.
How did the British use a census?
A - It was used to keep families together.
B - It was used to calculate taxes.
C - It was used to make maps.
D - It was used for voting purposes
N-ing = forme nominalisée / en fonction nominale.
Cette forme peut être remplacée par un GN / N / pronom.
-ing nominalise le verbe et ses compléments.
Nominaliser : transformer un élément, par exemple un verbe, en forme nominale.
Exemple: You shouldn't smoke. Smoking kills.
La séquence -ing forme un GN complexe qui pourrait être utilisé comme GN sujet.
Par exemple, ci-dessous (1), le GN complexe pourrait être le sujet d'un autre énoncé : Being the less attractive partner + GV...
1 - In her relationship with Blair, she was always used topréposition being the less attractive partner - she was the brains and he was the brawn. The court of Cherie, GE/GE2, p. 4, 06.12.2002.
February 7,
2011
We’re used topréposition hearing about public initiatives that get mired in politics or entangled in bureaucracy, but we rarely hear about programs that exceed expectations. So here’s one: last week marked the one-year anniversary of a program called text4baby, a service that sends free text messages to women who are pregnant or whose babies are less than a year old, providing them with information, and reminders, to improve their health and the health of their babies.
Mothers-to-Be Are Getting the Message, NYT, 7.2.2011,
Michael Mansfield is used topréposition being vilified for his links topréposition radical causes and his glossy lifestyle.
(…) « I’m used topréposition criticism of all kinds. »
The
man they love to hate, GE2, p. 4, 17.9.2002,
Get used topréposition a better view. Meet the new Ford fusion. Taller for a more commanding view. Tougher to handle life in the city. (...) tall. tough. the new fordfusion, ad, T, p. 3, 18.10.2002.
You’re probably used topréposition having people with disabilities around.
Genetic screening is here to stay. So it’s time we got used topréposition it and began to appreciate the benefits. Headline, GE, p. 8, 3.9.2002.
passif (be + used)
be + used + toviseur -> Base Verbale
servir à, être utilisé pour
Iraq said the Al Hakum factory was used toviseur produce animal feed. Finally they admitted it was a weapons plant and we blew it up.
'Even if Iraq managed to hide these
weapons,
used est ici le participe passé de use.
Le GV est au passé passif (was used).
Michael Crawford in rehearsal for "Dance of the Vampires." Computers are used toviseur program the complex stage effects in the play.
For Flying Coffins, Smart
Lights and Smoke, Just Press 'Go',
Même structure passive qu'à l'énoncé précédent, mais au présent (are).
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicativee - niveau avancé
grammaire > vocabulaire verbal >
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